Current Issue : July - September Volume : 2015 Issue Number : 3 Articles : 6 Articles
The medicinal services in modern days have become more complex sophisticated and more expensive in terms of cost of drugs, surgical equipment and hospital stay. The study was undertaken with the main purpose of studying the drugs stored in community pharmacy according to their cost and criticality. The ABC analysis of the community pharmacy centre in Tirupati, India, was conducted to identify the categories of items needing stringent management control. The annual consumption and expenditure incurred on each item of community pharmacy for the year April 2013 - March 2014 was analyzed and inventory control technique (ABC analysis) was applied. The study revealed that 556 items in total were stored during the study period. The total annual drug expenditure (ADE) on items issued in 2013-2014 was Rs. 18728855.52. ABC analysis revealed 18.17%, 30.4% and 51.44% items as A, B and C category items, respectively, accounting for 69.97%, 20.02% and 10.01% of ADE of the community pharmacy. The ABC techniques need to be adopted as a routine practice for optimal utilization of resources and elimination of out-of-stock situations in the pharmacy....
Prescription writing is one of the most important and basic skills. The components of a prescription should be clearly written, free of drug related omission (incomplete prescription), commission (incorrect information) and integration errors, without non-official abbreviations and fulfill the legal requirements of a prescription. Since errors of prescribing are the commonest form of avoidable medication errors, it is the most important target for improvement. Medication errors are an unfortunate reality in most healthcare practices. The judicious use of drugs begins with a correct prescription; but according to the survey there are more than 60% of all treatments containing errors. Study objectives are to identify and quantify the most frequent prescription errors in inpatient’s medical prescriptions, to minimize errors and to ensure the safe use of drugs. A Prospective Observational study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital during 6 months period. Male patients are more during our study period. Majority of prescribing errors are in between 31 – 40 years of age. 131 prescribing errors were found, the majority of errors were due to drug interactions (33.58%) followed by dose not mentioned errors (32.01%). The most common causes of error were mistakes due to inadequate knowledge of the drug or the patient, lack of training or experience, fatigue, stress, high workload and inadequate communication between healthcare professionals. Universal changes such as standardizing the work processes, promoting effective team functioning, automated error surveillance, improve the number of working staff decreases the prescribing medication errors....
The current objective of this study was to assess the patient’s attitude towards the patient counselling, a survey instrument included questions about the patient’s demographic information, familiarity with patient counselling and the patient’s comfort level during patient counselling. 64 percent of the respondents were stated that the patient counselling were available at their regional languages. 68 percent of participants agreed that patient counselling by health care provider is important for the improvement of health. 65 percent expressed that there is a progressive change in the health status due to the patient counselling. The result of the current study reveals that the importance of patients counselling and the patient attitude towards the patient counselling and further indicates that the further effective patient counselling is required for the better therapeutic outcome. Hence the remedy suggested for increasing the effective patient counselling are to enhance the time of counseling, providing training to the health care providers and seminars, awareness programs regarding the need of effective patient counseling to the overall population....
Swine flu refers to swine influenza or the viral infection caused by any of the several types of swine influenza virus. Swine flu also known as H1N1 is a new influenza virus which is a respiratory disease of pig has become the world’s fastest moving influenza pandemic, sweeping across many countries in a short span of time. Transmission of swine influenza viruses to humans is uncommon. However, the swine influenza virus can be transmitted to humans via contact with infected pigs or environments contaminated with swine influenza viruses. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) worldwide more than 209 countries and overseas territories or communities have reported laboratory confirmed cases of pandemic influenza H1N1. Swine flu can produce a number of symptoms in both adults and children. In India day by day the graph of infected person has been climbed up so, it is important to take into consideration about this disease as it may prove deadly one. tamiflu (oseltamivir) and ralenza (zanamivir) can treat the H1N1 swine flu strain....
Surgical site infections are the leading cause of nosocomial infections. Surgical antibiotic prophylaxis is defined as the use of antibiotics to prevent infections at the surgical site. The timing of preoperative prophylaxis is crucial in order to ensure the adequate antibiotic concentration in the tissues at the time of surgery. Most of the guidelines support that the beneficial time for prophylaxis is in between 30-60 minute prior to the procedure. The study was designed to assess the relationship between timing of antibiotic administration before surgery and incidence of surgical site infection. Prospectively monitored timing interval between antibiotic prophylaxis and exact time of first surgical incision and studied the occurrence of SSIs in 100 patients who underwent clean and clean-contaminated surgery with the help of a data entry form. Out of 100 patients (55 female and 45 male) 52 belonged to clean and 48 to the clean-contaminated surgery group. Incidence of infection in clean surgical cases was 13% i.e., 6 out of 46 clean procedures. And among clean contaminated cases 26% of infection was there (10 out of 38). The overall incidence of SSI in the study was 16%. Among 71 patients who received the prophylactic antibiotics within one hour of incision, 5% developed SSI whereas of the 29 patients who received prophylactic dose greater than one hour preoperatively 11% had such infections. (Relative risk: 5.41, ?2 = 28.322). 5% readmitted due to infection. Organism was isolated in 15% of patients with an evidence of SSI. S. aureus and pseudomonas was the predominant organism present. Findings from the study confirm that there was a consistent relationship between timing of preoperative antibiotics and incidence of SSI. Study showed that administration preoperative antibiotics within one hour had an effect on decrease in surgical site infection (5%) than those antibiotics administered greater than one hour preoperatively (11%). But there was no statistically significant difference can be found out in administering antibiotics within 0-30 minute compared with prophylactic dose given within 31- 60 minutes....
The large size of the Saudi Arabia country and scattered population pose challenges to health care service delivery including health facility planning and distribution of health workforce. To know the epidemiology and health status in Saudi Arabia to increase quality of health services to decrease mortality rate. Health Status information was collected from World Health Organization Survey. Prematurity was the most probable reason for maternal and child death in 2000 and 2010 which was found to be 24% and 30% respectively. The total number of HIV positive cases in 2008 was 13 926, of which 3538 (25.4%) were among Saudis and 10 388 (74.6%) were among non-Saudis. The cancer incidence rate was 52.3 per 100000 population, with 78.3% Saudi. Early teenage marriage, found in 27.2% of Saudi Arabian women, may be a factor in maternal mortality. Noncommunicable diseases account for 71% of all mortality in Saudi Arabia, with cardiovascular the leading cause of mortality. The most common cancers was colorectal in male and breast cancer in females....
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